Many of us who studied chemistry in school will remember the ubiquitous bottles of methylene blue — a dark blue, ink-like substance used in various reactions, tests, and as a staining agent. What might come as a surprise is that methylene blue was the first synthetic pharmaceutical ever created. It was first produced as a dye by a German chemist in 1876 and quickly found use as a medicine.
Initially used to treat methemoglobinemia (a blood disorder), methylene blue later became a treatment for conditions such as malaria, urinary tract infections, cyanide and carbon monoxide poisoning, septic shock, neurodegenerative disorders, and psychiatric conditions like schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. Its historical use also contributed to the development of other widely-used antimalarials and antidepressants.
Modern research has focused on methylene blue’s ability to enhance mitochondrial function. Mitochondria, often called the powerhouses of cells, convert glucose and oxygen into energy. Dysfunction in these structures is thought to contribute significantly to degenerative and age-related diseases.
Because of this, methylene blue is being investigated for its potential in treating Alzheimer’s disease, as well as ischemic brain injury (such as stroke), traumatic brain injury, Parkinson’s disease, and other neuro-degenerative conditions. Its key mechanism appears to be enhancing mitochondrial efficiency, which improves energy production, blood flow, and cellular repair.
Additionally, methylene blue may boost levels of vital brain chemicals like dopamine and serotonin, which can elevate mood and support mental well-being.
As a powerful antioxidant and enhancer of energy metabolism, methylene blue could help combat age-related changes throughout the body, potentially helping us look younger and stay healthier longer.
Recent attention has also turned to its antimicrobial properties, with promising implications in the fight against bacterial and viral infections.
Caution: Methylene blue should not be used if you are taking antidepressant medications. It may stain the tongue and cause temporary discolouration of urine and stool.
